How is your relationship with your mother-in-law?

The challenging dynamics of mothers-in-Law and their sons, a clash of Kenyan traditions and modern Society

Piece by: PAUL AMUKO
Entertainment

• Rooted in traditional norms and customs, this bond has undergone significant scrutiny and challenges in the modern-day society.

• What are some of the traditional roles and expectations associated with mothers-in-law in Kenyan culture, the evolving dynamics that challenge these norms, and the resulting impact on family dynamics.

How is your relationship with your mother-in-law?
Image: COURTESY

The relationship between mothers-in-law and their sons has long been a subject of cultural significance in Kenya.

 Rooted in traditional norms and customs, this bond has undergone significant scrutiny and challenges in modern-day society. 

What are some of the traditional roles and expectations associated with mothers-in-law in Kenyan culture, the evolving dynamics that challenge these norms, and the resulting impact on family dynamics?

In Kenya, the relationship between sons and their mothers-in-law varies across different tribes, each with its own unique traditions and customs. Let's explore some of these traditions:

  1. Luo Tribe: the bond between a son and his mother-in-law is highly valued. She is referred to as "Maro," which means "my mother-in-law." She plays a significant role in mediating conflicts, providing guidance, and maintaining family harmony. The son-in-law is expected to show respect and seek the advice of his mother-in-law on important family matters.
  2. Kikuyu Tribe: the relationship between a son and his mother-in-law is often seen as complex. She is known as "Muthoni Wa," and holds a position of authority and influence. The son-in-law is expected to show deference and seek her approval in various aspects of family life. However, conflicts and power struggles can arise as the son seeks to assert his independence within the marriage
  3. Luhya Tribe: the relationship between a son and his mother-in-law also known as ''Mai Mkhwe'' is characterized by respect and obedience. The son-in-law is expected to seek the blessings of his mother-in-law and actively engage in fulfilling his marital responsibilities. The mother-in-law, in turn, offers guidance and support to ensure the success of the marriage.
  4. Maasai Tribe: the relationship between sons and their mothers-in-law is marked by a high level of reverence. She is known as "emai," is held in high esteem, and plays a crucial role in family affairs. The son-in-law is expected to show the utmost respect, consult his mother-in-law on important decisions, and seek her wisdom in matters pertaining to the family and community.
  5. Kalenjin Tribe: the relationship between sons and their mothers-in-law is built on mutual respect and cooperation. she is known as "Boger," and provides guidance and support to the son-in-law as he navigates his role within the family. The son-in-law is expected to seek the blessings and approval of his mother-in-law in significant family decisions

The conflicts that arise between mothers-in-law and their son-in-law or daughters-in-law in Kenya can be attributed to various factors, including traditional norms, differing expectations, and power dynamics within the family structure. Here are some key reasons for these conflicts:

  1. Traditional Power Dynamics: In many Kenyan cultures, the mother-in-law holds a position of authority and influence within the family. This can lead to clashes when the son-in-law or daughter-in-law challenges or questions her decisions or opinions. The power imbalance and the expectation of obedience can create tension and conflicts over family decisions.
  2. Cultural Norms and Expectations: Traditional expectations dictate that daughters-in-law should show utmost respect and deference to their mothers-in-law. Similarly, sons-in-law may be expected to prioritize their mothers' wishes over their wives opinions. When these expectations clash with modern aspirations for egalitarian relationships and shared decision-making, conflicts can arise.
  3. Interference in Marital Affairs: Mothers-in-law may sometimes be seen as overly involved in their children's marriages, often exerting influence and control over family decisions. This interference can strain the relationship between the daughter-in-law or son-in-law and the mother-in-law, as the younger couple seeks autonomy and independence.
  4. Jealousy and Insecurity: Conflicts may also arise due to jealousy and insecurity on the part of either the mother-in-law or the daughter-in-law. The mother-in-law may feel threatened by the daughter-in-law's growing influence or the attention her son gives to his wife. On the other hand, the daughter-in-law may perceive the mother-in-law as intruding on her territory and challenging her authority within the household.
  5. Cultural and Generational Differences: Changes in societal values, exposure to education, and urbanization have led to shifting dynamics between generations. Younger couples may challenge traditional norms and seek greater autonomy in decision-making, which can lead to conflicts with older generations who adhere more strictly to traditional expectations.

Some of the restrictions faced by the husband and the wife in relation to the mother-in-law include:

  • The husband may feel torn between his loyalty to his wife and his obligation to his mother, resulting in conflicts over whom to prioritize.
  • The wife may face restrictions in asserting her opinions or making decisions, as her mother-in-law's authority often takes precedence.
  • The husband may feel pressure to conform to his mother's expectations, even if they conflict with his wife's desires or beliefs.
  • The wife may be subject to scrutiny and criticism from her mother-in-law regarding her appearance, behavior, or household management.

Navigating these restrictions and conflicts requires open communication, mutual respect, and a willingness to find a balance between traditional values and modern aspirations within the family.

It also requires a recognition that evolving family dynamics and changing societal norms may require redefining roles and expectations to foster harmonious relationships.

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